ABSTRACT
The construction industry in many developing countries is considered the main engine for economic growth. Quantification of the resilience of the construction industry in developing economies is essential for stakeholders and decision makers. Many researchers have attempted to quantify the construction industry's resilience in the context of developed economies;however, there is lack of established measures of such quantification in developing countries. This paper proposes a framework for the composition of an index that quantifies the resilience of the construction industry in developing countries. The proposed framework is demonstrated in the context of three developing countries: Rwanda, Egypt, and Turkey. The index is composed of measures such as the construction value added to a country's gross domestic product (GDP) and employment in construction. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is utilized for weighting and aggregation of the individual variables. Studying the causal relationship between construction growth and economic development from 1971 to 2022, results show that construction growth leads to economic development in each of the three countries. Results of the proposed index values indicate that the construction industry in each of the three countries demonstrated increased resilience by sustaining both its outputs and its employment generation aspect in the two years following the coronavirus pandemic in 2019. Quantification of the construction industry's resilience in countries where the construction growth leads to the economic growth would provide a crucial insight for stakeholders and decision makers. © 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has brought great challenges to companies, and in order to combat market instability, more and more companies are choosing to build strategic alliances. Strategic alliance enterprises partnership selection is the origin of alliance formation;this article constructs the strategic alliance partner selection, the alliance trust, and alliance performance relationship between the model and puts forward relevant hypotheses, with the strategic alliance of enterprises in Yangtze River Delta as the research object. Through empirical analysis, it is found that (1) alliance partner selection has a significant impact on alliance performance, and (2) alliance trust plays an intermediary role in the relationship between alliance partner selection and alliance performance. © 2022 ICCREM 2022: Carbon Peak and Neutrality Strategies of the Construction Industry - Proceedings of the International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management 2022. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The paper analyzes the assembly process by the example of assembly-modular containers using building information modeling technologies. This paper simulates a 3D model of the Huoshenshan Hospital with a description of the assembly mechanism process based on information modeling of prefabricated buildings. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the sources on prefabricated houses and explore the concept of creating a digital prototype of a building based on Huoshenshan Hospital, using the Autodesk Revit software. The article describes the methodology of installing modular containers and assembly structures using building information modeling technologies to improve rapid construction technology. The study results showed that building object implementation directly depends on a proper model with a step-by-step mechanism for installation, which can reduce the initial project cost due to the supply of prefabricated structures on the construction site, as well as reduce the project time. The prefabricated house technology demonstrated the high efficiency of using information technology in the assembly of the Huoshenshan Hospital, with which the simulated facility was implemented in 10 days. The need for information modeling data exchange with modern gadgets and systems is investigated, which allows one to get acquainted with the object at the construction site before installation work start. © 2022 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 crisis has presented the construction sector with challenges that the world has never seen before. Productivity is down, costs have increased, conflicts and claims are increasing, delays are high, health and safety practices are increasing, and profit margins have been reduced. The challenges require unprecedented, sudden, and unplanned changes to construction management practices and strategies. Through an open-ended survey questionnaire, this research investigated how COVID-19 causes disputes in construction projects and the measures that quantity surveying firms take to resolve the disputes in construction contracts due to the pandemic. The data revealed that disputes and claims have increased by some 80% due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the data revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased project costs by more than 40%. Shortages of materials, compliance with standard operating procedures, social distance, fluctuation, and shortages of labor are the causes of disputes. Unlike prior to the COVID-19 crisis, disputes are not caused by variations, ambiguous contract clauses, mistakes, errors, and competencies of the parties to the contracts. To resolve COVID-19-induced claims, contract clauses, negotiations, conciliation, trust management, and contingency provisions are the most effective. This research provides new information on claim management during a crisis. From an ontological standpoint, the main findings of this study are generalizable to construction projects in and outside of Nigeria. © 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
ABSTRACT
With the rapid process of urbanization in China, more and more young high-knowledge residents (YHKR) tend to choose to work and live in cities. Under such circumstances, youth apartments have become the first choice for YHKRs due to their flexible leasing methods, efficient layout, convenient service facilities and other advantages, and they have developed rapidly in vast cities in the past 10 years. However, the YHKRs characterized by high population mobility have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused the vacancy rate of youth apartments in China's first-tier cities to rise to 15%-20% in 2020. This paper proposes a design concept of a growth-type youth apartment (GTYA) to meet the above challenges and expounds the proposed design concept from three aspects: the birth of buildings, the growth of buildings and the disappearance of buildings. The design concept of GTYA is considered to be able to be operated in an urban chain mode, which is conducive to more efficient use of land resources. The research results provide new design perspectives and development directions for youth apartments in modern cities under the background of the pandemic. © Conference Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Project Management, China, ISPM 2022.
ABSTRACT
The paper start describing the change of relationship between the evolution of real estate market, housing services, and economic crisis due to the covid pandemic event. Looking more in detail housing and hosting services we can discover the evolution of concept of home-service as the reference point for a different number of activity. In the same time the housing services, considered as a facility for external city users changed their characters and relevance. The transition of urban costumes from the pre-pandemic era to the post pandemic ones generated new use values as a consequence of new costumes. The use of the networks for communicating and collaborating from home instead that from offices and clerk’s workplaces changed office attitudes, but in the same time reduced the usefulness provided by housing stocks addicted to guest foreign city user. The paper describes the evolution of the interpretation of role of housing services, and the consequent change of use-values, in a city that is characterized by the presence of many guests workers, that use housing services by renting flats that have been unused in the most recent years, in the pandemic era, that compelled renters to become travellers. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
New general health problems jeopardize the globe with the growth and breakout of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) or the significant severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). The only way to reduce the spread of the virus is to maintain social distance and follow the rules set by our respective governments. However, manual disinfection is time-consuming, challenging, and poses safety dangers. Using robots for disinfection consequently becomes an appealing option. Furthermore, the robot can sanitize a location incredibly fast without exposing ourselves. So, in this research, we constructed a sanitization robot that would eliminate the coronavirus in the hospital and apartment building or elsewhere. In this study, we have developed an Arduino-based wireless robot where UVC Light and Liquid Sanitizer are utilized for eradicating the coronavirus. A servo motor, gear motors, wheels, and L298 motor driver module are employed for distinct purposes of the robot. Moreover, two mobile phones are used as IP Cameras for monitoring the robot. Thus, our robot can be employed for the sanitization procedure so that physical appearance will not be necessary. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Indoor air pollutants in certain environments, such as a damp home or a low-ventilation office, are more concentrated indoors than outdoors. As people spend most of their time indoors, there is a high chance that they are exposed to indoor air pollution. This exposure might lead to adverse health outcomes such as allergies, infection, and respiratory diseases. Therefore, proper indoor environment management is crucial for promoting indoor air quality, consequently benefiting the health and well-being of occupants. In commercial spaces, a lot of people gather and perform various activities together, and higher concentrations of indoor air pollution are generated, which leads to accumulation of pollutants if proper management is not achieved, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic when biological pollutants (i.e., viral particle) can accumulate indoors due to poor ventilation environment. In residential spaces, indoor air quality may worsen due to activities such as cooking, painting, using personal care products, and washing. These activities generate indoor air pollution, thus affecting the health of occupants. In addition, poor air quality in microenvironments apparently affects sleep quality. This chapter proposes a concept of indoor air quality management in commercial and residential spaces including sources and control. Moreover, the management technologies have been summarized varying from a simple technique that can be handled by the occupants to a more complicated technique that requires more equipment and professional skill. The methods provided here can benefit the occupants, especially the occupants living in limited-space residences, such as apartment buildings in urban areas. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
Boarding school is one of the places where people usually live in densely crowed conditions. In order to control the risk of COVID-19 epidemic in boarding schools, five levels of practicable pandemic prevention measures and their effects on infection risks in five typical campus living scenes, including going to washroom, going out, going to class, having meal, and returning to dormitory were proposed, and the susceptible-infective (SI) model based on statistics and probability hypotheses was developed. Then the SARS-CoV-2 infection rates among students in 14 days were simulated in two typical apartment types: four-person dormitory with two public washrooms on each floor (apartment A) and six-person dormitory with a private washroom (apartment B). Results show that for apartment A, once there was an infected person, the epidemic spread rapidly in the whole building even under the most stringent prevention and control measures (level Ⅴ). While for apartment B, when the most stringent prevention and control measures (level Ⅴ) were taken, the epidemic could be controlled within the range of less than 10 people in two weeks. In addition, full vaccination would significantly inhibit the infection rate, and the number of washrooms would no longer be a significant factor. Even if no prevention and control measures were taken, the number of infected people would decrease significantly, and the number of persons in one dormitory became the main factor affecting the spread of the virus. The research results can provide information support for campus epidemic prevention and control. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology.All rights reserved.